<\/div>\n
Capteurs et principes de mesure<\/h2>
Les thermocouples exploitent l’effet Seebeck, qui g\u00e9n\u00e8re une tension thermo\u00e9lectrique proportionnelle \u00e0 la diff\u00e9rence de temp\u00e9rature entre la soudure chaude et la soudure froide ; les types les plus r\u00e9pandus sont K (chromel-alumel, -200\u00b0\/+1200 \u00b0C), J (fer-constantan, jusqu’\u00e0 750 \u00b0C), T (cuivre-constantan, cryog\u00e9nique), et N, S, R et B pour les hautes temp\u00e9ratures. Les thermor\u00e9sistances Pt100 et Pt1000 reposent sur la variation de la r\u00e9sistance \u00e9lectrique du platine avec la temp\u00e9rature, avec une excellente lin\u00e9arit\u00e9 et une exactitude \u00e9lev\u00e9e (classe A : \u00b10,15 \u00b0C \u00e0 0 \u00b0C). Les thermistances CTN\/CTP offrent une grande sensibilit\u00e9 mais une plage r\u00e9duite. Les capteurs infrarouges mesurent le rayonnement thermique \u00e9mis par le corps (loi de Stefan-Boltzmann) sans contact, avec des temps de r\u00e9ponse inf\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 la milliseconde. <\/p>
Types d’instruments<\/h2>
La section rassemble des thermom\u00e8tres num\u00e9riques \u00e0 sonde avec thermocouples K\/J\/T et Pt100 pour mesures de surface, d’immersion et de p\u00e9n\u00e9tration, des pyrom\u00e8tres et thermom\u00e8tres infrarouges sans contact pour mesures ponctuelles sur surfaces chaudes ou inaccessibles, des cam\u00e9ras thermiques infrarouges pour l’inspection \u00e9lectrique et du b\u00e2timent, la maintenance pr\u00e9dictive et le diagnostic thermique, des enregistreurs de temp\u00e9rature pour le transport, l’entreposage, le CVC, le pharmaceutique et l’agroalimentaire, des syst\u00e8mes de profil de four (oven profile) avec enregistreurs tr\u00e8s r\u00e9sistants \u00e0 la chaleur prot\u00e9g\u00e9s par des barri\u00e8res isolantes, ainsi que des thermom\u00e8tres alimentaires et HACCP, \u00e0 p\u00e9n\u00e9tration et IR, pour cuisines professionnelles et production alimentaire.<\/p>
Applications industrielles<\/h2>
Les applications couvrent le contr\u00f4le de temp\u00e9rature de process dans les industries chimique, agroalimentaire, pharmaceutique, des plastiques et du caoutchouc, les v\u00e9rifications HACCP dans la cha\u00eene du froid (transport, stockage, exposition), la surveillance de la temp\u00e9rature des fours de peinture, de poudrage, de cuisson et de panification, le diagnostic thermique d’armoires \u00e9lectriques et de postes HT\/BT (recherche de points chauds, d’\u00e9chauffements, de dissym\u00e9tries), les contr\u00f4les d’efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique dans les b\u00e2timents (ponts thermiques, d\u00e9perditions, qualit\u00e9 des isolants), la maintenance pr\u00e9dictive de moteurs, de roulements et d’organes m\u00e9caniques, et la surveillance de chambres froides, d’entrep\u00f4ts pharmaceutiques et d’archives.<\/p>
Normes de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/h2>
L’\u00e9chelle internationale de temp\u00e9rature ITS-90 d\u00e9finit les points fixes de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence et les proc\u00e9dures d’\u00e9talonnage. Les thermocouples suivent l’IEC 60584 (parties 1, 2, 3) pour les tol\u00e9rances, les mat\u00e9riaux et les rallonges, et les Pt100 l’IEC 60751. Les pyrom\u00e8tres IR sont r\u00e9gis par la VDI\/VDE 3511 et par l’ASTM E2847. La thermographie pour l’inspection des b\u00e2timents suit l’UNI EN 13187, pour les installations \u00e9lectriques la NETA ATS, et pour les installations photovolta\u00efques l’IEC TS 62446-3. La surveillance HACCP est r\u00e9gie par le r\u00e8glement UE 852\/2004 et par la norme UNI EN 13485 pour les thermom\u00e8tres d\u00e9di\u00e9s. L’\u00e9talonnage p\u00e9riodique utilise des bains thermostatiques, des fours \u00e0 puits sec et des corps noirs \u00e9talonn\u00e9s ISO 17025. <\/p>
Crit\u00e8res de choix<\/h2>
Le choix de l’instrument appropri\u00e9 doit tenir compte de la plage de temp\u00e9rature, du temps de r\u00e9ponse requis, du mode de mesure (contact ou sans contact), de l’\u00e9missivit\u00e9 du mat\u00e9riau (pour l’IR), de l’incertitude acceptable, des conditions ambiantes et des besoins d’enregistrement et de tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9. Les pages filles d\u00e9veloppent chaque famille avec des d\u00e9tails techniques d’application. <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Thermom\u00e8tres portatifs, enregistreurs de donn\u00e9es et syst\u00e8mes de profil thermique pour mesures ponctuelles et de process.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":157040980,"featured_media":0,"parent":18002,"menu_order":15,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_wpcom_ai_launchpad_about_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_gallery_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_contact_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_events_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_video_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_portfolio_piece":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-19445","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n
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