{"id":25304,"date":"2026-07-07T15:42:42","date_gmt":"2026-07-07T13:42:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/roder.it\/technologies\/ultrasound\/speed-of-sound-in-materials\/"},"modified":"2026-10-02T15:42:36","modified_gmt":"2026-10-02T13:42:36","slug":"speed-of-sound-in-materials","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/roder.it\/en\/technologies\/ultrasound\/speed-of-sound-in-materials\/","title":{"rendered":"Speed of sound in materials"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-61d584a3 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-ba02fbf7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large has-custom-border\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/dakota_ndt-cmx10-strumento_di_misura_ad_ultrasuoni_cmx10_per_misura_cricche_e_difetti-web_image-1200x1200-1.webp\" alt=\"Speed of sound in materials and ultrasonic measurement\" style=\"border-width:1px;border-top-left-radius:20px;border-top-right-radius:20px;border-bottom-left-radius:20px;border-bottom-right-radius:20px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:60%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"border-radius:0px 6px 6px 0px;border-left-color:var(--wp--preset--color--ti-accent);border-left-style:solid;border-left-width:5px;color:#1A5276;background-color:#ebf1f4;padding-top:14px;padding-right:16px;padding-bottom:14px;padding-left:16px;font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.769), 20px);font-style:italic\">The <strong>speed of sound<\/strong> is the parameter that links the time of flight of the pulse to the thickness: knowing it accurately is essential for ultrasonic measurement, and measuring it also makes it possible to <strong>characterise materials<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-checkbox has-ti-accent-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1\">\n<li><strong>Key parameter:<\/strong> links time of flight and thickness<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Material dependent:<\/strong> steel ~5920 m\/s, aluminium ~6320 m\/s<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Calibration:<\/strong> on a known thickness to determine v<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Velocity mode:<\/strong> measurement of v on a known thickness<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Characterisation:<\/strong> hardness\/nodularity of cast iron<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Influenced by:<\/strong> temperature and microstructure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Measurement accuracy:<\/strong> requires the correct v<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:24px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ultrasonic thickness measurement is based on the relation s = v \u00d7 t \/ 2, where t is the time of flight measured by the instrument and v is the <strong>speed of sound<\/strong> in the material. An error in the velocity translates directly into an error in the thickness: this is why the velocity must be set correctly for every material. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The speed of sound is not merely a figure to be entered: <strong>measuring it<\/strong> provides information about the material itself, because it depends on density, elasticity and microstructure.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover is-light popmake-11245\" style=\"border-width:1px;border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;min-height:250px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"213\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-14896 size-large\" alt=\"banner aiuto nella scelta dello strumento oppure della tecnologia\" src=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/banner_technical_support_choose_products-1024x213.png\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/banner_technical_support_choose_products-1024x213.png 1024w, https:\/\/roder.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/banner_technical_support_choose_products-300x63.png 300w, https:\/\/roder.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/banner_technical_support_choose_products-768x160.png 768w, https:\/\/roder.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/banner_technical_support_choose_products.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim\" style=\"background-color:#d3d6dc\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-cover-is-layout-a304f9a9 wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-ti-fg-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:clamp(21.536px, 1.346rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 1.726), 35px);\"><strong>Would you like help choosing the right product ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-right is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-b507c051 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/en\/contacts\/\">Click here !<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<h2 id=\"principio\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-ti-accent-color has-text-color\">Why the velocity is decisive<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Every material transmits ultrasound at a characteristic velocity: about <strong>5920 m\/s<\/strong> in steel, <strong>6320 m\/s<\/strong> in aluminium, and lower values in plastics. Since the instrument measures a time, the conversion into thickness requires the correct velocity: using the wrong value produces a systematically incorrect measurement. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For this reason thickness gauges allow the material to be selected or the velocity to be entered manually, and they provide <strong>calibration on a known thickness<\/strong> (a reference block) in order to determine exactly the actual velocity of the batch under examination.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"misura\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-ti-accent-color has-text-color\">Measuring the speed of sound<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The reverse procedure is equally useful: by measuring the time of flight on a part of <strong>known thickness<\/strong>, the instrument calculates the speed of sound in the material. Some instruments have a dedicated <strong>velocity mode (VX)<\/strong>, which expresses the measurement directly in m\/s. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The velocity obtained in this way is an indicator of the properties of the material: in <strong>ductile cast iron<\/strong>, for example, the speed of sound is correlated with the degree of <strong>nodularity<\/strong> of the graphite, and therefore with the mechanical properties; variations in velocity point to differences in microstructure or heat treatment.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"fattori\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-ti-accent-color has-text-color\">Factors that influence the velocity<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-checkbox has-ti-accent-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3\">\n<li><strong>Type of material<\/strong> and alloy: every material has a characteristic velocity.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Temperature<\/strong>: the velocity varies with the temperature of the part, and has to be compensated for in high-temperature measurements.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Microstructure<\/strong> and heat treatments: they influence density and elasticity.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Anisotropy<\/strong>: in some materials the velocity depends on the direction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 id=\"strumenti\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-ti-accent-color has-text-color\">Instruments and good practice<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For accurate measurements it is advisable always to <strong>calibrate<\/strong> the instrument on a sample of the same material and at the same temperature as the part to be measured. The Dakota NDT thickness gauges distributed by RODER allow the velocity to be set, one- or two-point calibration, and, in the advanced models, direct measurement of the velocity. You will find the models on the linked catalogue pages.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"prodotti-collegati\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-ti-accent-color has-text-color\">Related products<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RODER instruments for this topic. Go to the catalogue pages for models, technical data and documentation. <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-grid wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b251d530 wp-block-group-is-layout-grid\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-border-color has-white-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-10ff9433 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-color:#e0e0e0;border-width:1px;border-radius:8px;padding:16px\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/en\/products\/ultrasonic-thickness-gauges\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zx-corrosion-thickness-gauges.jpg\" alt=\"Dakota ultrasonic thickness gauges\" style=\"border-radius:6px;aspect-ratio:4\/3;object-fit:contain\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.385), 17px);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/en\/products\/ultrasonic-thickness-gauges\/\">Dakota ultrasonic thickness gauges<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:14px\">UT thickness gauges for corrosion and precision (ZX, CMX, MX, PMX, CMX10-DL series).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/en\/products\/ultrasonic-thickness-gauges\/\" style=\"font-size:14px\">Browse the catalogue<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-border-color has-white-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-10ff9433 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-color:#e0e0e0;border-width:1px;border-radius:8px;padding:16px\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/en\/products\/ultrasonic-flaw-detectors\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/dakota_ndt-fx81-strumento_fx81_top_di_gamma_strumenti_per_ispezione_ad_ultrasuoni-web_image-700x700-1.webp\" alt=\"Ultrasonic flaw detectors\" style=\"border-radius:6px;aspect-ratio:4\/3;object-fit:contain\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.385), 17px);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/en\/products\/ultrasonic-flaw-detectors\/\">Ultrasonic flaw detectors<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:14px\">FX71-DL and FX81-DL flaw detectors with DAC, AWS, TCG, DGS toolkits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/en\/products\/ultrasonic-flaw-detectors\/\" style=\"font-size:14px\">Browse the catalogue<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 id=\"faq\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-ti-accent-color has-text-color\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Why do I have to set the speed of sound?<\/strong><p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Because the thickness gauge measures a time of flight and converts it into thickness using the velocity: an incorrect value produces an incorrect measurement.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"schema-faq-section\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">What is the speed of sound in steel?<\/strong><p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">About 5920 m\/s; in aluminium about 6320 m\/s. Every material has its own value. <\/p><\/div><div class=\"schema-faq-section\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">How is the velocity of a material determined?<\/strong><p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">By measuring the time of flight on a part of known thickness: the instrument calculates the corresponding velocity.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"schema-faq-section\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Does the velocity tell us anything about the material?<\/strong><p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Yes: it is correlated with density, elasticity and microstructure; in ductile cast iron it indicates the degree of nodularity.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-ti-accent-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4\">Contacts &amp; Information<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contact for general information : <a href=\"mailto:info@roder.it\">info@roder.it<\/a><br\/><br\/>Machine Vision Division of RODER : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.visiotronix.com\">www.visiotronix.com<\/a><br\/>RODER Instruments Division : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.visiotronix.com\">www.innovacheck.com<\/a><br\/>More about RODER : <a href=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/en\/contacts\/\">about us<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The information contained in this website is provided for information purposes only. Although it has been prepared with the greatest care, it does not constitute a contractual offer or a binding commitment to supply. It may contain transcription, translation or typographical errors. For precise and up-to-date information, please contact our company directly.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Some images on this website have been intentionally generated using artificial intelligence (AI). This is because, for many applications and projects, photographs of the actual installation or system cannot be disclosed owing to confidentiality agreements, contractual clauses and non-disclosure agreements (NDAs). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The speed of sound is the parameter that links the time of flight of the pulse to the thickness: knowing it accurately is essential for ultrasonic measurement, and measuring it also makes it possible to characterise materials. Ultrasonic thickness measurement is based on the relation s = v \u00d7 t \/ 2, where t is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":157040980,"featured_media":0,"parent":19973,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_wpcom_ai_launchpad_about_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_gallery_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_contact_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_events_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_video_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_portfolio_piece":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-25304","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Speed of sound in materials - RODER SRL<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/roder.it\/en\/technologies\/ultrasound\/speed-of-sound-in-materials\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Speed of sound in materials - RODER SRL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The speed of sound is the parameter that links the time of flight of the pulse to the thickness: knowing it accurately is essential for ultrasonic measurement, and measuring it also makes it possible to characterise materials. 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